My Top Five Parenting Phrases

If you’ve been here a while, you know that I am a huge fan of holding space for your child’s  feelings. By allowing them to express themselves without being told, “don’t worry,” or “it’s fine,” or the dreaded “it’s not that big of a deal,” kids feel heard and supported, and often the emotions and behaviors tend to subside more quickly.

 But sometimes we need a bit more. When those times come up, here are a few of my favorite phrases. 

1) “Let’s reset.” I also love its close cousin, “let’s take a pause.”

Sometimes things just get away from us. We set a limit, our child pushes back, and then suddenly, we are locked in a battle of wills. We are convinced that We Are Right and if we just say it more clearly, more firmly, and without any indication of wavering, they will agree to go along with it. Enter the power struggle. (See my thoughts on power struggles here) But here’s the thing. As convinced as you are of your “rightness,” so is your child. By pushing the reset button (and this can be literal - come up with a special signal for your family!), you may be able to start fresh with a clear and calm mindset.

 

2) “Do you want to think about some solutions? Or do you want to just feel the feelings for now?”

Have you ever been really upset about something, gone to someone close to you for support, and immediately they jump into problem-solving mode? And in that moment you want to scream… “This is not what I need!” Maybe you already know what you need to do. Maybe you aren’t ready to talk through options. But for the time being, you just want to be heard and supported. Well, the same goes for our kids. Sometimes they really do need the benefit of our help coming up with solutions (for this I love Ross Greene’s CPS model). But sometimes they just want us to know that they’re sad/upset/hurt, and want us to be there with them.

 

3) “Thank you.” 

“Thank you for helping me understand.” “Thank you for sharing.” “Thank you for working through this with me.” Our children are amazing. Sometimes they’re not yet able to talk about their feelings, or what’s making them upset, or exactly what might be going on for them (to be fair, sometimes we can’t either!). But when we can be present and work together, it’s incredibly meaningful, and it’s so important to acknowledge that.

 

4) “Hmm.”

This is officially your permission to feel that you do not have to respond to everything that your child says. Sometimes all your child needs to know is that you’ve heard them. This “hmm” says, “How curious!” “Interesting!” “Wow!” This can keep us from engaging in the aforementioned power struggle, and gives you a moment to breathe and consider what you’d like to come next.

 

5) “Wow. This is hard, isn’t it.”

Being a kid is hard. Being a parent is hard. And sometimes just naming it helps.

Supporting Your Child After a Traumatic Event

CW: Shooting, gun violence

This post has been edited to including talking points to support your conversations with your child/children. The resources listed can still be found at the bottom of this page.

In the aftermath of yesterday’s devastating shooting at the fourth of July parade, parents are moving towards having more in depth conversations with our children. Organizations such as the Child Mind Institute, National Child Traumatic Stress Network, National Association of School Psychologists, and Hannah Perkins Institute have offered recommendations on how to help you talk with your child.

With young children (2-5 years), we may have chosen not to say anything in the past. If we could shield them from seeing images on the TV, from hearing us speak, we did. We monitored our reactions in front of them, and we may have been able to avoid this discussion. In this case, it’s much more likely that you may have been present, or close enough to the event that a conversation is necessary. Here, you’ll want to do everything to ensure that your child feels safe. Extra hugs, touches, moving their body, playing, drawing pictures. The goal is to reassure them that they are not in danger, that they are safe.

For older children (6-11), the conversation is a little different. We know that even if they were not physically present, this will likely be a topic of discussion when they are back together with their peers. We want to make sure that we are the ones to present the information in a clear manner. This that we might have a desire to avoid in order to spare their feelings - guns, injury, death - are already out there. So, we start by giving them the facts and letting them respond. This might look something like this:

“I wanted to tell you about something that happened. There was a man with a gun, and some people got hurt. A few people died.
A lot of people came out to help. The police caught the man, we are safe. He can’t hurt anyone else.
You may see some of your friends, family, counselors having a hard time. Some might be sad, or mad, or scared. That’s okay. It’s okay if you have feelings too…or even if you are not sure what to feel.
We are safe. We will always do everything we can to help keep you safe.
Do you have any questions you’d like to talk about?”

*In the course of these conversations, you can think through the level of detail your child may be exposed to. If they are not gong to hear the specifics, you may choose not to share those with them. In that case, you might say, “Something sad happened, and just like you sometimes feel sad, I am feeling sad right now. It’s so important that you know that it’s not your job to make me feel better. We are safe, and I am here to take care of you, just like always.”

One of the things that you may be worried about is not having an answer to questions your child may ask. How could you? There is no way to make meaning of this senseless act. It’s absolutely okay to say, “I don’t know,” or “We may have to wait to know more.” You can let them know that “I wish I had an answer. I wonder about that too.” As parents, we think we must be able to answer our children at every time, to make everything better. Here, we cannot. But we can make space for their feelings, and provide any comfort we can.

Your child may not want to talk at all. They may also talk about it over and over, as they try to process. Both are okay. It may be hard to hear from their perspective, but it is their way of processing what happened.

It’s important to expect that your child may be out of rhythm. They may act in ways that aren’t typical for them. Sleep, appetite, and/or mood may be affected (just as they may be for you). Treat all of yourselves gently.

As we react and adjust, routine and consistency are key. You can read about that here to see we can accomplish maintaining routine, while gently making room for the emotions that arise.

While we can expect that our kids (and we) will still be processing, if over time you feel like their stress, pain, anxiety, or upset are interfering with their day to day functioning, you may choose to seek out professional support from a child therapist who specializes in trauma (the same goes for you!). Here is a link to local trauma-informed therapists with immediate openings:

https://catchiscommunity.org/local-trauma-informed-therapists

My thoughts are with you, with our children, and with our community.

Resources:

Helping Children Cope After a Traumatic Event - Child Mind Institute

Talking to Children When Scary Things Happen - National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN)

Talking to Children About Violence: Tips for Parents and Teachers - National Association of School Psychologists

How To Talk to Kids After a Traumatic Event - KQED

Talking with Children About Difficult Things in the News - Fred Rogers Institute

When the Little Ones Learn of Bad Things in the World - Hannah Perkins Institute

Another Tragedy: Addressing it with Your Children - Hannah Perkins Institute

Creating Supportive Environments When Scary Things Happen - NCTSN

Books about trauma and feelings (link to a youtube video of the book being read):

"Once I Was Very Scared" by Chandra Ghosh Ippen

"A Terrible Thing Happened" by Margaret M. Holmes

"Jenny is Scared - When Sad Things Happen in the World" by Carol Shuman

Parenting Through Life's Challenges

At various points in their lives, our children will go though “stuff.”[i] It may be the lower case “stuff,” like tripping and falling, a parent going out of town, a fight with a friend. Sometimes it will be the, the capital S “Stuff.” A new sibling. The death of a family member. Witnessing something they shouldn’t have.

 When children go through challenging experiences, they often do not have the ability to process it in the same way that adults do (and let’s face it, as adults, we don’t always process it either!). Instead, we see the outcome of the stress, pain, anxiety; we see the behaviors. You may find that your child is extra emotional. Or having a more difficult time listening. They may be fighting with you, or their siblings, more. School may report a change in behaviors.

 There are two paths we often take here. The first may be focusing on the behaviors. Trying to correct the behaviors, encourage more constructive ways of engaging. The other path might be letting the behaviors slide. As caring, loving parents to this child who is so clearly struggling, we may tell ourselves that their behaviors make perfect sense given what they’re experiencing, so we should just let it go.

 In fact, our best way to support our child lies somewhere in the middle. If we take the first path and only focus on behaviors, we are missing an opportunity to explore their feelings, to show them that we understand, to support them in navigating this process. And if we let everything slide, we may not provide the boundaries and frame that children need to feel safe.  

 When a child’s world feels out of control, when nothing feels predictable, and when things don’t make sense to them, this is in fact the time that we MUST hold fast to boundaries and rules. Now, I am not suggesting that we rigidly adhere to the way things have always been, or the way we used to do things. There may be good reasons to make changes to our lives in times of stress and crisis. But we do need to be able to show our children that they are safe, that we’ve got this, that we are not too overwhelmed to help,[ii] and that we will all get through this together. And, like everything else, if we do this in a loving and caring manner, the relationship between you and the child serves as the grounding force that provides a sense of security.

 

1. We welcome all the feelings that our child may sharing; anger, fear, worry. While they may be hard to hear, our goal is to really listen to our child, to understand what they are experiencing. At the same time, we can (and should!) absolutely put a limit on certain behaviors. Our goal is to allow our child to feel all the feelings they are having, while still holding on to our boundaries around what is safe, acceptable, and tolerable in our home. We welcome their feelings, and at times intervene when we need to limit a behavior. But even as we limit an action, we speak to the feeling that may be driving the behavior.

2. If we are concerned about behaviors, we may stick a little closer. We watch more closely, stand readily available. Not hovering, and not communicating to them that they are out of control, but just remaining close to step in if necessary. We are actively attending to their emotional and physiological states in order to regulate if we must. In doing so, we don’t allow our child – or the situation – to get out of control. In addition to creating a safe environment, it also allows us to be more calm when we have to step in. We are not stepping in at a time where things have gone completely off track; rather, we see that it is going in a direction that is unsafe, and we are able to step in before we ourselves become scared, upset, or angry.

3. We want to make sure that we maintain our own sense of control. We do not want to send our child the message that they are so out of control, that we cannot handle them. That the struggles that they are experiencing define them, are who they are. Instead, we must remind ourselves that this is a child who is struggling because of their circumstances. As Ross Greene often writes, our children want to do well. If they are not, it’s because they cannot; so it is our job to recognize when they are struggling, understand what they are experiencing, and then move forward in providing the sense of safety within the relationship that will allow them to rebalance and move forward.

 

I certainly do not want to suggest that having this knowledge makes our child’s behaviors easier to tolerate. Especially when we are struggling ourselves. But, you may find it helpful in terms of understanding the why of the behavior, so we can take the steps to support our child’s feelings and internal world when they need it most. And in doing so, as they feel safe, understood, and supported, we will see the challenging behaviors subside over time.[iii]

 

[i] In therapy, we may talk about “stuff” as “trauma.” I use the word “stuff” here to be inclusive of all types of experiences, whereas trauma may not resonate with everyone.

 [ii] If you ARE feeling too overwhelmed, either by your own pain, by your child’s pain, or just by the sheer nature of the stressor, this would be a wonderful time to seek your own support!

[iii] There are, of course, instances where your child may also benefit from support beyond that of a caring and loving parent. If you find that these are having a significantly negative impact on your child’s life, that it is interfering with their relationships, their play, or their day to day experiences, I would recommend reaching out to a child therapist to determine if they may benefit from individual therapy to help them through the challenging time.  

Helping Children Through Separations

I recently received a call from a girlfriend who was feeling “heartbroken” that her 3.5 year old son was having a hard time when she needed to leave him (to go to the other room, at daycare when she was at work, and soon, an upcoming work trip). I thought I would share our conversation, as I think it’s applicable to so many, especially as our world continues to move towards a new normal.  

{Please note: You are also a wonderful parent and caregiver if you are not feeling heartbroken. Sometimes we just need some time away, and feel completely unconflicted about it!}

Hearing our kids get upset, seeing them cry, and knowing that it is something that we played a part in is one of the worst feelings we have as a parent and caregiver. It makes sense that you’re feeling heartbroken; you love him, you're connected to him, and you would do anything to take away the pain.  

And yet. 

Your little man is safe. Sad, perhaps, but cared for. Your husband, his playroom, his preschool...these are all places and people that you've decided are safe, loving, and nurturing for him.

 So, in the moment, you have two jobs: 

 1. Project confidence in your decision. You are a mother, but you are also a person. A person who works, who sometimes needs a drink of water, who sometimes needs a moment to themselves. So when you need to step away, remind yourself of the above fact. (Over, and over, and over, if necessary!) He is safe. And it is okay to take that time. 

 2. Tolerate his upset feelings. He loves you! He adores you! He feels sad when you are not around! It makes perfect sense that he is sad when you leave. But here's the key: You do not have to fix it. You don't (and can't) make him stop feeling this sadness. So instead, you welcome his feelings. "It's hard when we have to say goodbye! You wish I were able to stay. I love you very very much." The more we show our children that their feelings are welcome and that we are not trying to make them go away, the more we show them that we understand, that their feelings are important, and that hard feelings are not scary. 

 

If you're thinking ahead, here are a few books that can help start a discussion about separations and connections (I have no affiliations with these books/authors, they are just ones that I have recommended in the past!): 
You Go Away by Dorothy Corey 
No Matter What by Debi Gliori
The Invisible String by Patrice Karst**
The Kissing Hand by Audrey Penn
Owl Babies by Martin Waddell 
**Please note that there is a reference to an uncle in heaven in this book.

Navigating Power Struggles with Confidence and Calm

Every caregiver has been there. You ask something of your child and suddenly, the wall goes up. They’re not budging. And you’re certainly not giving in. It’s an impasse, and one that can escalate in the blink of an eye.

I’m reminded of a scene from “The Breakfast Club.” (*Edited for clarity)

Mr. Vernon: You’re not fooling anybody, Bender.
Bender: Eat my shorts.
Mr. Vernon: What was that?
Bender: Eat…my…shorts.
Mr. Vernon: You just bought yourself another Saturday, mister.
Bender: Oh, I’m crushed.
Mr. Vernon: You just bought one more right there.
Bender: Well, I’m free the Saturday after that. Beyond that, I’m gonna have to check my calendar.
Mr. Vernon: Good! Because it’s gonna be filled. We’ll keep going. You want another one? Say the word. Just say the word. (Bender is sullen, and  crosses arms)
Mr. Vernon: Are you through?
Bender: No.
Mr. Vernon: That’s another one right now. Watch your step! You want another one?
Bender: Yes.
Mr. Vernon: You got it! You got another one right there. That’s another one, pal. You through?
Bender: Not even close, bud.
Mr. Vernon: Good. You got one more right there.

Here’s the thing. Our child will rarely (never!) give in. When they hear a threat to their independence, they react by upping the ante. That’s their job. That’s what they do. So what are we to do? Lay down the law? Assert our authority because we’re bigger and stronger? Probably not. More often than not, that will take us right to the Bender/Mr. Vernon scenario. 

Instead, think about the boundary that we are attempting to set. Why am I setting this boundary? Is it really necessary? Do I have the ability to follow through and hold that boundary in this moment? Let’s run through the steps.

1. Why are we setting this boundary?
Is it because we think we should? Examples of these are: children should not question their parents; children should focus on their work in order to ensure success; children should behave a certain way. Guess what. You can (generally) disregard those “shoulds;” these are often boundaries that may not need to be set.

But, there are times where we do need to set a boundary (see step one, to reevaluate why!).

2. First, evaluate your child’s physical and emotional needs.
Are they in a place where they can reasonably be expected to meet this boundary? For example, are they tired, hungry, not feeling well? If your child is not at their best, consider whether you need to set this boundary RIGHT NOW. If the answer is no, great! This may not be the right time. Your child (and you) will be much better off by addressing that need – providing a snack, taking a rest, spending some focused 1:1 time together. Not all moments need to be teaching moments. (Note: This goes for parents, too! If you are not able to hold the boundary, and it is not essential in the moment, hold off!)

3. Maybe you do need to set the boundary.
Sometimes the answer is yes; I must set this boundary right now.  Perhaps it is a health and safety issue, or something that is absolutely essential. How do we set the boundary without setting off or engaging in a power struggle?

With confidence and calm.

4. First, acknowledge your child’s feelings. “It’s really hard to turn off the iPad.” “You’re having so much fun at the park.” “I know you don’t like having to say goodbye to Grandma.”

5. Then, set and hold the boundary.
“I’m going to put away the iPad now. Would you like to press pause, or should I?” “We’re leaving now. Should we walk like a dinosaur or fly like a superhero?” “We have to go home now. Would you like to give Grandma a hug, or a wave?”  

And here is the key: we say this as calmly as if we were commenting that the sky is blue. We are not angry, we are not frustrated, we are not mad. We are simply setting a boundary. 

In doing so, we are communicating to our child that 1) their feelings matter, and 2) you’re confident in the boundary that you have to set, and 3) you are able to tolerate their upset feelings in light of it.  

If your child is upset? That’s okay. This is not an arbitrary boundary. We have run through the steps, and it was a thoughtful and intentional decision. Our job is not to ensure that our child is never upset. Rather, our job is to make the (sometimes difficult) decisions that allow our children to feel safe and secure in the world, in our relationship, and in our love.

How To Talk To Your Child About Race

As a country, we are not okay. As Covid-19 has threatened our communities (notably Black communities, at an alarming rate), we are also watching as a long overdue discussion about race, racism, and white supremacy is taking place. While parents of Black children have needed to have these discussions with their children from a young age, white parents are now navigating these complex topics with their own.

My voice is not the voice you need to hear right now.

The most meaningful thing I can - and must - communicate is that I stand in support of the Black and Brown communities. Simply stating that I am anti-racist and an ally is not enough. I am working to actively oppose white supremacy, racism, and injustice, and now, I am using my space to amplify those voices that need to be heard.

This is undoubtedly a challenging time, and a challenging topic to confront. But if this is a topic that you have not discussed with your child, consider it an example of your privilege. Use this as an opportunity to enter into this discussion, and into the work. It is time, it is important, and it is vital to the equity of minority children.

If you are looking to talk to your children and families about this essential work, please reference the resources below.

Videos:
- Ms. Vera Ahiyya explains racism to children
- Dr. Jazmine McCoy discusses how to talk to kids about race

Antiracist Books:
- Something Happened in Our Town by Marianna Celano, PhD, ABPP, Marietta Collins, PhD, and Ann Hazzard, PhD, ABPP
- We Rise We Resist We Raise Our Voices edited by Wade Hudson and Cheryl Willis Hudson
- Antiracist Baby by Ibram X Kendi (coming soon!)
- Let’s Talk About Race by Julius Lester
- A Kid's Book About Racism by Jelani Memory
- A is for Activist by Innosanto Nagara
- Racism and Intolerance by Louise Spilsbury
- Separate Is Never Equal: Sylvia Mendez and Her Family's Fight For Desegregation by Duncan Tonatiuh

*Note: As an additional way to support the Black and brown community, consider purchasing your books from a Black owned bookstore; in Chicago, these include:
- Kido
- Semicolon Bookstore
- National list of Black owned bookstores

Black Educators to Follow:
- First Name Basis
- The Conscious Kid
- The Tiny Activist
- Here Wee Read
- Little Black Book Nook

4 Ways to Help Your Child in Times of Crisis - COVID-19 Edition

As adults, we are having a wide range of reactions to the “shelter-in-place” order currently across much of the country. We may be anxious, tired, frustrated, and ready to resume life as usual. And our children are feeling much of the same.

Unlike adults who are able to name their emotions, children typically act these out. This may take the appearance of tantrums (screaming, arguing, and crying, oh my!). Children who had resolved their sleep or toileting may suddenly be waking up at night, having nightmares, or having accidents. That routine your family had finally settled into is nowhere to be found. Your children have been thrown into upheaval, and your family and sanity along with them.

Research on past crises tells us that the most important factor in helping our children through these times is the relationship with a caring and supportive adult. But this is an incredible challenge, at a time where our resources may be depleted. Working from home, facilitating e-learning, and keeping our families healthy requires time and patience like we may never have had to demonstrate.

By focusing in on the meaning underlying our children’s challenging behaviors, we can reframe them and allow ourselves to recognize it not as a manipulation or willful acting out, but rather as a call for help. If we miss this call, the behaviors will just continue to escalate. However, if we recognize and respond to these calls, we can help our children (and our families) weather this storm.

1. Hear that there is a problem
When our children are acting out, it is important to recognize that this is a signal to you that they are feeling unsettled. Rather than jumping to “discipline” them, focus on the fact that they are asking for your help (perhaps in a less than endearing manner). This is when our child needs us the most.

2. Empathize with your child
Listen to your child, validating their feelings. Their sadness, anxiety, anger, and frustration are as real as yours. Rather than trying to make them feel better or talk them out of their feelings, accept and be present with them. We can help by naming their emotions, and connecting with them in a way that feels safe to your child.

3. Lead confidently
Even, or perhaps especially, in times of great stress and upheaval, we need to maintain our routines and boundaries as children need this structure in order to feel safe. There are still limits that we must uphold for the health and safety of our child, and the wellbeing of our family. At the same time, we want to provide children with as many opportunities to make choices and feel a sense of agency as possible. By giving them choices and respecting their wishes, we can help them feel a sense of control in a time where they may feel they have none.

4. Patience, patience, patience!
Unfortunately, this is going to take time. Our world looks and feels very different, and that can be unsettling for everyone. Our goal is to communicate that we welcome all of our child’s feelings, even when we must set limits on certain behaviors. We can expect that as long as we are feeling stressed, anxious, and frustrated, so are our children.


This is a crisis like our generation has never seen. While it feels that we are in unprecedented territory, the same general principles with which we have approached our children’s difficulties in the past can still apply.

We can help our children to maintain their sense of security and happiness, even when so much feels uncertain and challenging. By focusing on the relationship and recognizing that these difficult behaviors are your child’s way of letting you know that they are struggling, you can respond to the underlying pain and provide support your child needs. This love and care will enable your child to feel safe and secure, and emerge from this time with increased confidence and resilience.

Dr. Andrea Lieberman is a clinical psychologist, who provides parenting support in Illinois and Florida. You can learn more about her work at www.drandrealieberman.com/parent-guidance.